Resources
Practical guides to prevent chargebacks, respond to disputes and choose payment providers.
A paid-by-other-means dispute asks whether another payment already settled the same purchase. Reconstruct both payment paths and determine what each amount covered. A card charge can be valid even when another payment…
Read articleA defective or damaged-product response must address the condition the customer reports and the merchant’s actual resolution history. Showing that the correct SKU was shipped does not establish that it worked or arrived…
Read articleAn unrecognized-charge response should connect the statement entry to a specific purchase the customer can identify. Explain the merchant name, transaction amount and currency, purchase date, and order contents using…
Read articleA general dispute label is a starting point for investigation, not a complete allegation. Read the available issuer statement, transaction details, and customer history to identify the specific fact being challenged.…
Read articleA duplicate-charge response should compare the challenged transactions and explain whether they represent one purchase charged twice or distinct purchases. Start with payment records, not order counts. Two order numbers…
Read articleA credit-not-processed dispute needs one of two coherent explanations: the relevant refund was completed, or the merchant has a supported basis for explaining why the claimed credit was not due. Begin by determining…
Read articleA canceled-subscription dispute requires a timeline that connects the customer’s cancellation request, the effective cancellation, and the challenged renewal payment. The key question is whether the disputed charge was…
Read articleA delivered tracking status is useful evidence, but it does not by itself answer every denial of receipt. The response needs to connect the carrier event to the agreed destination and the disputed item, then explain what…
Read articleA not-as-described chargeback turns on the difference between what the customer was promised at purchase and what the merchant supplied. Build the response by listing each alleged mismatch, identifying the relevant…
Read articleA product-not-received response should establish what the customer says is missing and whether the merchant can document delivery of that specific obligation. Physical goods, digital access, and services require…
Read articleA fraudulent chargeback asks whether the challenged payment was authorized by the legitimate cardholder. A merchant response should test that question directly. Shipping the goods, passing a risk check, or receiving an…
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